Lessons for resource conservation from two contrasting small-scale fisheries

被引:17
|
作者
Eriksson, Hampus [1 ,2 ]
de la Torre-Castro, Maricela [3 ,4 ]
Purcell, Steven W. [5 ]
Olsson, Per [4 ]
机构
[1] WorldFish, George Town 10670, Malaysia
[2] Univ Wollongong, ANCORS, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
[3] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[4] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[5] So Cross Univ, Natl Marine Sci Ctr, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
关键词
Adaptive management; Coral reef; Fisheries; Governance; Invertebrate; Sea cucumber; SEA-CUCUMBER FISHERY; ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; RESILIENCE; ZANZIBAR; MAYOTTE;
D O I
10.1007/s13280-014-0552-5
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Small-scale fisheries present challenges to management due to fishers' dependency on resources and the adaptability of management systems. We compared social-ecological processes in the sea cucumber fisheries of Zanzibar and Mayotte, Western Indian Ocean, to better understand the reasons for resource conservation or collapse. Commercial value of wild stocks was at least 30 times higher in Mayotte than in Zanzibar owing to lower fishing pressure. Zanzibar fishers were financially reliant on the fishery and increased fishing effort as stocks declined. This behavioral response occurred without adaptive management and reinforced an unsustainable fishery. In contrast, resource managers in Mayotte adapted to changing fishing effort and stock abundance by implementing a precautionary fishery closure before crossing critical thresholds. Fishery closure may be a necessary measure in small-scale fisheries to preserve vulnerable resources until reliable management systems are devised. Our comparison highlighted four poignant lessons for managing small-scale fisheries: (1) diagnose the fishery regularly, (2) enable an adaptive management system, (3) constrain exploitation within ecological limits, and (4) share management responsibility.
引用
收藏
页码:204 / 213
页数:10
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