Dynamic height anomaly from Argo profiles and sea-level anomaly from satellite altimetry: a comparative study in the Indian Ocean

Altimeter-derived sea-level anomaly (SLA) has been compared with Argo-derived dynamic height anomaly (DHA) in the Indian Ocean. The anomalies have been found to agree quite well in the region above 10 degrees S. The agreement is improved when climatological salinity is replaced by Argo salinity. Seasonal variation of correlation of DHA computed with Argo salinity and SLA has also been studied. The reasons for the poor correlation could be attributed to the fact that there is a barotropic (non-steric) component of the SLA, not captured by DHA, which is a purely steric effect. It has been also found that the impact of halosteric component on dynamic height is quite high in certain regions of the Arabian Sea because of (i) low-salinity water of southern region advected into the region by Somali and North Equatorial Current, (ii) upwelled water of low salinity during south-west monsoon along the Arabian coast and (iii) precipitation and river run-off from rivers in the eastern Arabian sea contributing to the local formation of low-salinity water. In the Bay of Bengal, the factors responsible for the large impact of halosteric component are precipitation and river influx in the northern part. In the south-eastern Indian Ocean, Indonesian Throughflow is the governing factor for this impact.