Analysis of the influencing factors of energy-related carbon emissions in Kazakhstan at different stages

This study analyzes Kazakhstan's influencing factors of energy-related carbon emissions in different stages, and the study period (1992-2014) was divided into four stages by using the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method. In the low efficiency and high output stage, Kazakhstan had the most energy-related carbon emissions. The total energy-related carbon emissions might be positive or negative in the high efficiency and high output stage and the low efficiency and low output stage, and this was mainly determined by the energy intensity effect or the economic output effect. Different influencing factors had different effects in the different stages from 1992 to 2014. The economic output effect was the first contributor for promoting energy-related carbon emissions, and the energy intensity factor was the first contributor for suppressing energy-related carbon emissions from 1992 to 2014. Finally, policy recommendations in terms of the main influencing factors are put forward, including the low-carbon economic development mode transformation, technological innovation, and renewable energy development.