Changes in hamstring strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with tibialis allograft

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in hamstring strength both after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with hamstring autograft followed by early rehabilitation and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PCLR) with tibialis allograft followed by delayed rehabilitation. Methods Isokinetic strengths of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles and endurances were compared between a group of 20 patients undergoing PCLR using a tibialis anterior allograft and a 1:2 matched control group of 40 patients undergoing ACLR using a hamstring autograft at 2 years after the operations. Clinical results were also compared using stability tests and the Lysholm and the International Knee Documentation Committee scores. Results At 2 years after the operations, the torque deficit of the hamstring muscle in the involved leg compared to the uninvolved leg at both 60 degrees/s and 120 degrees/s was greater in the PCLR group than in the ACLR group (60 degrees/s, 21.8 +/- 14.0% versus 1.9 +/- 23.9%, P = 0.0171; 120 degrees/s, 15.3 +/- 13.7% versus -0.7 +/- 17.4%, p = 0.012, respectively). The peak torque of the hamstring muscle at 120 degrees/s was significantly lower in the involved leg than in the uninvolved leg only in the PCLR group (71.3 +/- 31.9 N center dot m versus 81.9 +/- 27.8 N center dot m, P = 0.005). There was no significant difference in the clinical results between the groups except for a side-to-side difference in the tibial translation on Telos stress radiographs. Conclusion The strength of the hamstring of the PCLR leg with allograft was significantly weaker than that of the unoperated leg after 2 years, whereas that of the ACLR leg with hamstring autograft maintained a similar level of strength compared to that of the uninvolved leg.