Development by Three-dimensional Approaches and Four-dimensional Imaging: To the Knowledge Frontier and Beyond

Many advances have been taken on elucidating embryonic development and tissue homeostasis and repair by the use of experimental strategies that preserve the three-dimensional (3D) organization and allow quantitative analysis of images over time (four-dimensional). Ranging from the understanding about the relationship between blastomeres and the events that take place during gastrulation by the use of time-lapse imaging through 3D cultures that mimic organogenesis, the advances in this area are of critical value. The studies on embryonic development without disrupting the original architecture and the development of 3D organoid cultures pave a new avenue for unprecedented experimental advances that will positively impact the emergence of new treatments applying regenerative principles for both tissue repair and organ transplant. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 105:1-8, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.