Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Anionic Phosphate Ester Surfactants: A Review

This paper reviews the various technologies involved in the synthesis of anionic phosphate ester surfactants. Use of base material such as alcohol ethoxylates, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, fatty acid ethoxylates and phosphating reagents plays a key role on the applications and properties of phosphate ester surfactants. Also roles are played by the reaction conditions maintained and charging conditions on the mono-diester ratio. In this paper attempt has been made to review the base materials used for the synthesis of phosphate esters, synthesis processes and their effect on the properties of phosphate esters, applications and global scenario of phosphate ester surfactants.