In vitro and ex vivo studies to assess the antiurolithiasis activity of phenolic components of Ricinus communis L. and Euphorbia hirta L. with simultaneous HPTLC analysis

Traditional Ayurvedic forms containing Ricinus communis L. and Euphorbia hirta L. have been consumed for decades to cure various diseases. The current study aims to clarify the basic bioactive component in the regulation of calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Significance of chloroform and aqueous components of R. communis and E. hirta (CFRC) and (AFRC); (CFEH) and (AFEH), in the breakdown of calcium oxalate formation, was investigated for various biochemical parameters, using in vitro and ex vivo methods by simultaneous HPTLC analysis. Polar components (AFRC) and (AFEH) for the methanolic extract of R. communis and E. hirta and the marketed drug cystone significantly (p<0.001) inhibit the enlargement of calcium oxalate crystals and inhibition of lipid peroxidation, whereas chloroform components (CFRC) and (CFEH) are unable to disperse calcium oxalate crystals and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. In the HPTLC analysis, 6 peaks were revealed at wavelength 254 and 365 nm with RF values 0.12, 0.23, 0.50, 0.65, 0.75 and 0.84. An RF value of 0.50 was found in the polar components (AFRC) and (AFEH) for the methanol extract of R. communis and E. hirta compared to that of syringic acid (Phenolic compound). This study revealed the antiurolithic effect of aqueous components (AFRC) and (AFEH) of methanol extract R. communis and E. hirta. They potentially inhibit the biochemical barriers involved in the development of calcium oxalate, along with its antioxidant effects, which is accompanying its practice in the therapy of kidney disease (KSD).