New data on trunk morphology in the woolly mammoth, Mammuthus primigenius (Blumenbach)

被引：6
|
作者：
Plotnikov, V. V. [1 ]
Maschenko, E. N. [2 ]
Pavlov, I. S. [3 ]
Protopopov, A. V. [1 ]
Boeskorov, G. G. [4 ]
Petrova, E. A. [5 ]
机构：
[1] Acad Sci Sakha Republ, Yakutsk 677027, Russia
[2] Russian Acad Sci, Borissiak Paleontol Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia
[3] Yaroslavsky Yakutsk Joint Museum Hist & Culture N, Yakutsk 677891, Russia
[4] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Diamond & Precious Met Geol, Siberian Branch, Yakutsk 677891, Russia
[5] Russian Acad Sci, Zool Inst, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
来源：
PALEONTOLOGICAL JOURNAL | 2015年 / 49卷 / 02期
基金：
俄罗斯基础研究基金会;
关键词：
Mammuthus primigenius; trunk morphology and adaptations; Proboscidea; Late Pleistocene; Yakutia;
D O I：
10.1134/S0031030115020070
中图分类号：
Q91 [古生物学];
学科分类号：
0709 ; 070903 ;
摘要：
A well-preserved trunk (proboscis) of the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) found in 2010 in the area of the Oiyagosskii Yar, about 30 km west of the mouth of the Kondratievo River (Yakutia) is described (mammoth named Yuka). The distal part of trunk has a transverse expansion. In the expanded condition, it changes the trunk cross section from oval to ellipsoidal. The expansion is laterally framed by skin folds with sites of muscles making the trunk cross diameter twice as great. Trunk expansion has been recorded in three mammoths: Yuka, Kolyma mammoth, and Kirgilyakh mammoth calf. Structural details of the trunk expansion of the Kirgilyakh mammoth calf and Yuka are almost completely identical. This morphological feature distinguishes trunk of M. primigenius from Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus ones, the cross section of which remains oval throughout the trunk extent. The adaptive value of this unique trunk structure of the woolly mammoth in connection with cold climate conditions is discussed.
引用
收藏
页码：200 / 210
页数：11
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