Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Adolescents' Self-Esteem

Poor self-esteem among adolescents poses a great challenge, which parenting styles can influence. This study examined gender differences in perceived parenting styles and self-esteem of adolescents and examined the relationship between perceived parenting styles and adolescents' self-esteem among in-school adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. This study utilized a multistage sampling technique. Responses were elicited from 504 consenting pupils using the parental authority questionnaire and a self-esteem questionnaire adjusted to the Rosenberg scale. Self-esteem was scored on a (12-30) scale; scores >= 26 indicate high self-esteem, and scores <= 25 indicate low self-esteem. The mean age and self-esteem score were 14.9 +/- 1.5 years and 24.0 +/- 3.3. About one third of respondents reported parenting styles as authoritative or flexible (fathers: 36.3%, mothers: 38.9%). Pearson correlation coefficient test showed a positive significant relationship between flexible parenting style and adolescent self-esteem for fathers (r = 0.141, p = .001) and mothers (r = 0.137, p = .001). Research findings reveal significant association between perceived parenting styles and adolescents' self-esteem.