Transient Inclusion Evolution During Modification of Alumina Inclusions by Calcium in Liquid Steel: Part II. Results and Discussion

被引：130
|
作者：
Verma, N. [1 ]
Pistorius, Petrus C. [1 ]
Fruehan, Richard J. [1 ]
Potter, Michael [2 ]
Lind, Minna
Story, Scott R. [3 ]
机构：
[1] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[2] RJ Lee Grp, Monroeville, PA 15146 USA
[3] US Steel Corp, Res & Technol Ctr, Dept Proc Technol Steelmaking & Casting, Munhall, PA 15120 USA
来源：
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE | 2011年 / 42卷 / 04期
关键词：
Sulfur Content; Calcium Aluminate; Calcium Treatment; Inclusion Composition; Alumina Inclusion;
D O I：
10.1007/s11663-011-9517-2
中图分类号：
T [工业技术];
学科分类号：
08 ;
摘要：
The formation of intermediate reaction products after calcium addition to aluminum-killed steel was studied. Steel samples were taken from laboratory and industrial heats before and at various times after calcium treatment. Inclusions were characterized by automated and manual scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis of polished cross sections and inclusions extracted by dissolution of the steel. Industrial and laboratory melts containing more than 40 parts per million (by mass) of dissolved sulfur showed calcium sulfide as the main reaction product after calcium injection, with calcium aluminates appearing later. It is proposed that the calcium aluminates are formed by reaction between the calcium sulfide and the alumina. A laboratory heat containing 7 parts per million of sulfur showed calcium oxide as the main initial calcium reaction product. A simple mechanism is proposed for the modification of alumina inclusions by calcium, considering transient CaO and CaS formation.
引用
收藏
页码：720 / 729
页数：10
相关论文
共 21 条
  • [1] Transient Inclusion Evolution During Modification of Alumina Inclusions by Calcium in Liquid Steel: Part II. Results and Discussion
    N. Verma
    Petrus C. Pistorius
    Richard J. Fruehan
    Michael Potter
    Minna Lind
    Scott R. Story
    Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2011, 42 : 720 - 729
  • [2] Transient Inclusion Evolution During Modification of Alumina Inclusions by Calcium in Liquid Steel: Part I. Background, Experimental Techniques and Analysis Methods
    Neerav Verma
    Petrus C. Pistorius
    Richard J. Fruehan
    Michael Potter
    Minna Lind
    Scott Story
    Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2011, 42 : 711 - 719
  • [3] Transient Inclusion Evolution During Modification of Alumina Inclusions by Calcium in Liquid Steel: Part I. Background, Experimental Techniques and Analysis Methods
    Verma, Neerav
    Pistorius, Petrus C.
    Fruehan, Richard J.
    Potter, Michael
    Lind, Minna
    Story, Scott
    METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE, 2011, 42 (04): : 711 - 719
  • [4] Inclusion Evolution during Modification of Alumina Inclusions by Calcium in Liquid Steel and Deformation during Hot Rolling Process
    Zhao, Dongwei
    Li, Haibo
    Bao, Chunlin
    Yang, Jian
    ISIJ INTERNATIONAL, 2015, 55 (10) : 2115 - 2124
  • [5] Transient Evolution of Inclusions during Calcium Modification in Linepipe Steels
    Ren, Ying
    Zhang, Lifeng
    Li, Shusen
    ISIJ INTERNATIONAL, 2014, 54 (12) : 2772 - 2779
  • [6] Effect of Sulfur in Steel on Transient Evolution of Inclusions During Calcium Treatment
    Liu, Yang
    Zhang, Lifeng
    Zhang, Ying
    Duan, Haojian
    Ren, Ying
    Yang, Wen
    METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE, 2018, 49 (02): : 610 - 626
  • [7] Effect of Sulfur in Steel on Transient Evolution of Inclusions During Calcium Treatment
    Yang Liu
    Lifeng Zhang
    Ying Zhang
    Haojian Duan
    Ying Ren
    Wen Yang
    Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2018, 49 : 610 - 626
  • [8] Transient Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusions During Calcium Treatment of Molten Steel
    Zhang, Lifeng
    Liu, Yang
    Zhang, Ying
    Yang, Wen
    Chen, Wei
    METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE, 2018, 49 (04): : 1841 - 1859
  • [9] Transient Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusions During Calcium Treatment of Molten Steel
    Lifeng Zhang
    Yang Liu
    Ying Zhang
    Wen Yang
    Wei Chen
    Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2018, 49 : 1841 - 1859
  • [10] Evolution of inclusions during calcium treatment in liquid steel and its thermodynamic analysis
    Cai X.-F.
    Bao Y.-P.
    Lin L.
    Bao, Yan-Ping (baoyp@ustb.edu.cn), 1600, Science Press (38): : 32 - 36
123