Environmental management capabilities for a "circular eco-innovation"

At a micro level, eco-innovation marks a transition towards a circular economy (CE), and standardised routines and controls are being implemented by businesses to introduce eco-innovative processes and thus a circular business model. Eco-innovation applied to a circular model implies changes to companies' environmental management and accounting practices used to manage natural resources. In this context, this study analyses and measures formal and informal environmental management systems, such as certification standards and other management and environmental accounting procedures used in eco-innovation and the CE within the dynamic capabilities theoretical framework. The study also investigates the cause-and-effect relationship between firms' "circular eco-innovation" and environmental capabilities using partial least squares structural equation modelling and tests it using a sample of Spanish companies. This study offers new knowledge about the interposition of business eco-innovation and CE-related activities introduced by firms from the dynamic capabilities perspective.