Republished review: Autoantibody testing in encephalopathies

The last decade has seen significant advances in our understanding of the spectrum of probable antibody- mediated central nervous system disease and the autoantibodies that can help in their identification. In their recent review for this journal, Paul Gozzard and Paul Maddison detailed the wide range of rare neurological conditions associated with paraneo-plastic (onconeural) antibodies, which are usually directed at intracellular antigens. Here, the authors focus on antibodies directed against mainly cell-surface neuronal antigens which are associated with central nervous system conditions that often respond to immunotherapies.