Multi-objective optimal allocation and performance evaluation for energy storage in energy systems

The optimal utilization of an energy storage system (ESS) is key to transforming energy systems from coal to renewable base. This study proposed a multi-objective optimization method for designing energy systems, a multi-criteria evaluation method for analyzing ESS and its suitability in an energy system, and a novel ESS scheduling strategy. A grid-connected energy system including wind power, photovoltaic, and ESSs was considered for responding to electricity demands, wherein multi-criteria assessments for technical, economic, and environmental aspects, with total cost and self-sufficiency as the objective functions, were implemented. The results demonstrated the significant potential of ESS through comparisons of performance of energy systems with and without ESS. In fact, self-sufficiency and self consumption improvement can reach 21.57% and 32.84% respectively, and the non renewable primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions both up to 60.63% could be avoided. This study provides practical guidance for preliminary energy system analysis and construction planning as well as technical support for policy makers when deciding on project construction. (C) 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd.