Analogical reasoning in 2-year-olds: The development of access and relational inference

被引:13
|
作者
Singer-Freeman, KE [1 ]
机构
[1] SUNY Coll Purchase, Sch Nat & Social Sci, Purchase, NY 10577 USA
关键词
analogical tasks; formal; problem solving; 2 year olds;
D O I
10.1016/j.cogdev.2005.04.007
中图分类号
B844 [发展心理学(人类心理学)];
学科分类号
040202 ;
摘要
Eighty-four 24- and 30-month-old children were tested with two analogy tasks: formal and problem solving. Experiment 1 included three Groups: relations specified, relations unspecified, and associative control (no exposure to base relations). In Experiment 2 the relation that linked that a- and b-terms in formal problems was explicitly shown in order to reduce relational inference demands. In Experiment 1, children responded systematically to the formal problems when given two chances to answer each question. In Experiment 2, children were systematic on their first responses. In the problem-solving task the rates of spontaneous analogies produced were similar to those seen in older children. However, unlike older children, 2-year-olds benefited minimally from prompts. We believe this may indicate that 2-year-olds have difficulty explicitly controlling their analogical activity. We conclude early analogical abilities may be limited by weak relational inference abilities and difficulty intentionally initiating access. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:214 / 234
页数:21
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