In this paper, we examine the rationale for dollar and euro pegging in Russia and the CIS. We consider macroeconomic stabilization and transaction costs for international trade as rationales for pegging to the euro. Dollarization of international assets and liabilities are examined as determinants of exchange rate stabilization against the dollar. The impact of network externalities from a common anchor for all CIS countries is explored. Tests on de facto exchange rate stabilization reveal that dollar pegging has been pervasive in the CIS. Journal of Comparative Economics 33 (3) (2005) 425-440. Department of Economics and Business Administration, Tubingen University, Nauklerstrasse 47, 72074 Tubingen, Germany. (c) 2005 Association for Comparative Economic Studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.