Toxic metals in children's toys and jewelry: Coupling bioaccessibility with risk assessment

被引：57

作者：

Cui, Xin-Yi ^{[1
]}

Li, Shi-Wei ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Shu-Jun ^{[1
]}

Fan, Ying-Ying ^{[1
]}

Ma, Lena Q. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

[2] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION | 2015年 / 200卷

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Toy; Jewelry; Toxic metals; Bioaccessibility; Hazard index; LOW-COST JEWELRY; BLOOD LEAD CONCENTRATIONS; HARMFUL ELEMENTS; CONTAMINATION; CADMIUM; RECOMMENDATIONS; ANTIMONY; EXPOSURE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.envpol.2015.01.035

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

A total of 45 children's toys and jewelry were tested for total and bioaccessible metal concentrations. Total As, Cd, Sb, Cr, Ni, and Pb concentrations were 0.22-19, 0.01-139, 0.1-189, 0.06-846, 0.14-2894 and 0.08-860,000 mg kg(-1). Metallic products had the highest concentrations, with 3-7 out of 13 samples exceeding the European Union safety limit for Cd, Pb, Cr, or Ni. However, assessment based on hazard index >1 and bioaccessible metal showed different trends. Under saliva mobilization or gastric ingestion, 11 out of 45 samples showed HI >1 for As, Cd, Sb, Cr, or Ni. Pb with the highest total concentration showed HI <1 for all samples while Ni showed the most hazard with HI up to 113. Our data suggest the importance of using bioaccessibility to evaluate health hazard of metals in children's toys and jewelry, and besides Pb and Cd, As, Ni, Cr, and Sb in children's products also deserve attention. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

引用

页码：77 / 84

页数：8

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