Autoimmune pediatric neuropsychiatric symptoms with pain and hypertension CASPR2 antibody

Autoimmune neurology has become an exciting subspecialty due to the discovery of antibody biomarkers that have defined a spectrum of treatable neurologic syndromes with new-onset movement disorders, psychosis, cognitive decline, and seizures in both adults and children. After autoantibodies are discovered, however, subsequent descriptions often broaden the phenotypic spectrum of the disease. In children, the most common autoantibody-associated CNS syndromes are N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)- and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated diseases.