Tylosin degradation during manure composting and the effect of the degradation byproducts on the growth of green algae

In this study, we investigate the tylos in degradation in sheep feces during composting. The sheep feces containing tylosin were composted using the laboratory-scale composting units. Tylosin was degraded during composting, and the half-life of tylosin degradation decreased with increasing temperature from 40 degrees C to 65 degrees C. The tylosin degradation in sheep feces can be attributed to the microorganisms in the feces and not to heating because tylosin did not degrade over a period of 48 hat temperatures of 0 degrees C-65 degrees C in sterilized water. The artificial rainwater solution extracted from the composted sample did not inhibit the growth of Raphidocelis subcapitata, a type of green alga. Our results indicate that composting the feces containing tylosin is effective in degrading tylosin, which may result in the preservation of agricultural fields as well as nearby aquatic environments. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.