Interaction of dental pulp stem cells in bone regeneration on titanium implant. An in vitro study

Aim To investigate in vitro interaction of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in bone regeneration on titanium implants. Materials and methods Dental pulp tissue collected from extracted teeth without infection was used to obtain DPSCs. The biocompatibility of titanium implant was studied by culturing the DPSCs in conditioned media obtained by incubating the titanium implants for 72 hours. Following which the interaction of DPSCs on titanium implants was checked by wrapping the DPSCs cell sheet on SLA (sandblasted large grit acid etched) treated and smooth implants. Results Cytotoxicity test revealed that the SLA treated implants were biocompatible and did not affect the proliferation rate of DPSCs. Osteogenic study with titanium implant revealed DPSCs have the capacity to undergo osteogenic differentiation in the presences of titanium implants. Conclusions This study postulates that it is possible to construct a biologically modified implant by wrapping the dental stem cell sheet around commercially available implants in order to improve the process of osseointegration as the implant- stem cell complex contains all the factors required for osseointegration.