Seismic response of a tunnel embedded in compacted sand through large-scale shake table testing

This paper presents a series of large-scale shake table tests of a tunnel embedded in compacted sand. The model used in the tests is a rigid box with overall dimensions of 9.30 m long (x), 3.70 m wide (y) and 2.50 m high (z).The recorded earthquake motions of Kobe earthquake waves were used as inputs in the tests. Results show that the hoop of the tunnel lining is in tension and the position of maximum deformation is in the 45 degrees conjugate angle. The variation of the peak acceleration firstly decreases from the shaking table to the bottom of model casing, then increases from the bottom of model tunnel to the surface of model.