Introduction to resistant vine types: a brief history and overview of the situation

Today's breeding efforts applied to grapevines are mainly focused on the use of resistance to bio-aggressors, after being motivated, often unconsciously, for millennia by quantitative and qualitative concerns, and adaptations to environmental conditions. Thanks to advances in genomic knowledge and use of molecular markers, it is now possible to envisage more and more solutions against different pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects), and in the near future, to ensure the durability of these resistances while combining them with resistance factors to abiotic stresses (drought, cold hardiness, soil conditions, etc.). This brief review presents the history and current situation of resistant vine types.