The efficient induction of embryogenic callus and high frequent somatic embryogenesis of in vitro culture of ber

Some important factors effect on in vitro regeneration of her (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.) were researched in our experiments. A system of high efficient embryogenic callus induction and somatic embryogenesis was established. The main results are as follows: (i) the types and conditions of explants are very important to culturing availability. Immature embryos or tender leaves are much suitable for regeneration than other tissues or organs. (ii) Immature embryos cultured on MS+TDZ 0.05 mg/L+PP333 0.5 mg/L+AgNO3 10 mg/L+Vc 100 mg/L+sucrose 30 g/L are facilitated to generate embryogenic calli, these calli spontaneously proceeded to high frequent somatic embryogenesis, whereas the tender leaves from adult tree just produced embryogenic calli on this medium; thus, an extra subculture on MS+KT 4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.03 mg/L+sucrose 50 g/L is necessary to start the somatic embryogenesis for the leaf derived calli. (iii) The somatic embryoids from the above origins could proliferate vigorously on MS+TDZ 0.05 mg/L+PP333 0.5 mg/L+AgNO3 10 Mg/L+VC 100 mg/L+Ac 3.0 g/L+sucrose 30 g/L. Finally, some developed embryoids could normally germinate and convert to whole plantlets on MS+KT 1.0 mg/L+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+GA(3) 2.0 mg/L+AC 2.0 g/L+sucrose 30 g/L after 6 day's dehydrating. Ber is a very short juvenile-period woody fruit (only about six months); the establishment of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration would settle a good foundation for micropropagation or transgenic researches for this species.