Robust adaptive video watermarking in the spatial domain

In this paper, a novel adaptive approach to spatial domain video watermarking is presented. It takes full advantage of both intra-frame and inter-frame information of video content to guarantee the perceptual invisibility and robustness of the watermark. An effective block classifier is delicately designed based on motion information and region complexity. Meanwhile, the idea of bitplane replacement is introduced in the embedding procedure. In the watermark extraction process, the multi-frame based extraction strategy ensures that the watermark can be correctly recovered from a very short segment of video. Individual frames extracted from the video also contain watermark information. Experimental results show that the watermarked video appears visually indistinguishable from the original video, and the proposed watermarking technique is robust enough to common video attacks.