Ex-smokers and risk of hip fracture

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine the reversibility of the effect of smoking on hip fracture incidence rates. Methods. A 3-year follow-up cohort study was conducted involving 35 767 adults 50 years of age or older. Of these individuals, 421 suffered a hip fracture. Results. Among participants less than 75 years of age, the relative risk (RR) of hip fracture was elevated for ex-smokers, even for those who had quit smoking more than 5 years previously (men: RR=4.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.2, 15.3; women: RR= 1-3, 95% CI = 0.6, 3.0), but was not as high as that for current smokers (men: RR = 5.0, 95% CI = 1.5, 16.9; women: RR=1.9, 95% CI= 1.2, 3.1). Conclusions. The effect of smoking on risk pf hip fracture was not reversed completely 5 years after smoking cessation.