THE EFFECT OF LANDSCAPE PATTERN IN RESPONSE TO ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN XIAOXING'ANLING, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE, CHINA

Wetlands play an important role in conserving water sources, regulating climate, and protecting biodiversity and have extremely high ecological value. However, global natural wetlands are rapidly degrading. Therefore, protecting wetlands is of strategic importance for ensuring ecological and environmental security. Based on the Landsat remote sensing images from 1975 to 2015 and the monthly meteorological data during the same periods, this study analyzed the landscape pattern change and explored the relationship with climate change and wetland change in Xiaoxing'anling, using the methods of landscape ecology and mathematical statistics. The results showed that the degree of landscape fragmentation was unused land < water area < forest land < urban land < cultivated land < wetland and the number of patches had increasing trend. The wetlands were mainly converted into cultivated land and the wetland areas have significantly degraded in the past 40 years in Xiaoxing'anling. The change of landscape diversity had a close correlation with annual precipitation and average summer precipitation. This study provides a theoretical basis for regional wetland protection.