Cyclosporine Versus Tacrolimus Maintenance Therapy in Renal Transplant

Objectives: Several studies have shown comparable results in long-term graft and patient survival, comparing a tacrolimus-based therapy to cyclosporine, while other studies have shown that a tacrolimus-based regimen had a better renal function with fewer episodes of acute rejection. Most of these studies were in a white population. We describe our experiences comparing tacrolimus versus cyclosporine maintenance therapy in a Saudi population. Materials and Methods: All patients from 2003 until 2008 in our transplant clinic were evaluated. A retrospective analysis was done comparing patient and graft survival, kidney function, and metabolic profile. Results: There was no statistical difference in acute rejection rate between the cyclosporine group and the tacrolimus group (18.7% vs 20.9%; P = .756). Mean serum creatinine was not statistically different between the 2 groups. Patient and graft survival at 1 and 2 years also were similar. Although patient and graft survival were similar, the cyclosporine group had a higher level of cholesterol compared with the tacrolimus group (4.6 +/- 1.03 mmol/L vs 4.1 +/- 0.80 mmol/L; P = .010). Conclusions: There is no difference in 1- or 2-year patient and graft survival between patients maintained on cyclosporine compared with tacrolimus. However, patients on cyclosporine had a higher blood pressure and serum cholesterol level.