Impact of Policy Instruments in the Implementation of Renewable Sources of Energy in Selected European Countries

被引:3
|
作者
Nasiri, Elnaz [1 ]
Rocha-Meneses, Lisandra [2 ,3 ]
Inayat, Abrar [2 ,4 ]
Kikas, Timo [3 ]
机构
[1] Islamic Azad Univ, Fac Humanities, Dept Law, Tehran North Branch, Vafadar Blvd,Shahid Sadoughi St, Tehran 1651153311, Iran
[2] Univ Sharjah, Ctr Sustainable Energy & Power Syst Res, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Sharjah 27272, U Arab Emirates
[3] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Engn, Chair Biosyst Engn, Kreutzwaldi 56, EE-51006 Tartu, Estonia
[4] Univ Sharjah, Dept Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engn, Sharjah 27272, U Arab Emirates
关键词
bioenergy legislation; climate and energy targets; EU directives; legal framework; member states; Renewable Energy Directive (RED);
D O I
10.3390/su14106314
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Nowadays, great attention has been paid to alternative sources of energy that can be used as a replacement for fossil fuels and help to reduce their utilization in the overall energy mix. In Europe, the development and implementation of renewable sources of energy is regulated and supported by legal frameworks. This paper investigates the impact of European Directives and its transposition to national policies on the share of renewable sources of energy in electricity, heating and cooling, and transport in Denmark, Ireland, the Netherlands, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. For this, quantitative and qualitative data were utilized. The quantitative data refer to the gross energy consumption, energy consumption for heating and cooling purposes (by category), and energy consumption in the transportation sector, while the qualitative data refer to the main directives and legal frameworks utilized to regulate the utilization and implementation of renewable energy in the selected countries. The results of this study show that the European Directives are not as effective as expected in the promotion and adoption of renewable sources of energy. Although none of the countries investigated in this paper were able to achieve the 10% share of energy produced from renewable sources for the transportation sector, certain goals were still achieved. For instance, in 2018, 6.57% of the energy utilized in the transportation sector in Denmark was from renewable sources, while in Estonia it was 3.29%, in Ireland 7.17%, in Latvia 4.73%, in Lithuania 4.33%, and in the Netherlands 9.59%. These results suggest that the current regulations should be revised and that clear, accountable, and predictable regulations should be put in place to ensure the energetic independence in Europe.
引用
收藏
页数:33
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [1] Impact of Policy Instruments in the Implementation of Renewable Sources of Energy in Selected European Countries (vol 14. 6314, 2022)
    Nasiri, Elnaz
    Rocha-Meneses, Lisandra
    Inayat, Abrar
    Kikas, Timo
    [J]. SUSTAINABILITY, 2022, 14 (17)
  • [2] Industrial policy for renewable energy: The innovation impact of European policy instruments and their interactions
    Pitelis, Alkis Theonas
    [J]. COMPETITION & CHANGE, 2018, 22 (03) : 227 - 254
  • [3] Policy instruments for renewable energy - From a European perspective
    Fouquet, Doerte
    [J]. RENEWABLE ENERGY, 2013, 49 : 15 - 18
  • [4] Use of Renewable Energy Sources in European Union Countries
    Rokicki, Tomasz
    Michalski, Konrad
    Ratajczak, Marcin
    Szczepaniuk, Hubert
    Golonko, Magdalena
    [J]. ROCZNIK OCHRONA SRODOWISKA, 2018, 20 : 1318 - 1334
  • [5] POLICY INSTRUMENTS FOR SUPPORTING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN SLOVAK REPUBLIC
    Hajduchova, Iveta
    Sulek, Rastislav
    Giertliova, Blanka
    Dobsinska, Zuzana
    [J]. GEOCONFERENCE ON ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION AND LEGISLATION, SGEM 2014, VOL III, 2014, : 315 - 322
  • [6] DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES BY MUNICIPALITIES
    Kozlowski, Waldemar
    [J]. EKONOMIA I SRODOWISKO-ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT, 2022, 81 (02): : 222 - 240
  • [7] Evaluating Japanese policy instruments for the promotion of renewable energy sources
    Matsumoto, Ken'ichi
    Morita, Kanako
    Mavrakis, Dimitrios
    Konidari, Popi
    [J]. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY, 2017, 14 (08) : 724 - 736
  • [8] Development of Fluctuating renewable Energy Sources and its Influence on the Future Energy Storage Needs of Selected European Countries
    Weiss, T.
    Schulz, D.
    [J]. 2013 4TH INTERNATIONAL YOUTH CONFERENCE ON ENERGY (IYCE), 2013,
  • [9] Factors Influencing the Renewable Energy Consumption in Selected European Countries
    Polcyn, Jan
    Us, Yana
    Lyulyov, Oleksii
    Pimonenko, Tetyana
    Kwilinski, Aleksy
    [J]. ENERGIES, 2022, 15 (01)
  • [10] Assessing the Impact of Selected Determinants on Renewable Energy Sources in the Electricity Mix: The Case of ASEAN Countries
    Khezri, Mohsen
    Karimi, Mohammad Sharif
    Mamkhezri, Jamal
    Ghazal, Reza
    Blank, Larry
    [J]. ENERGIES, 2022, 15 (13)