[1] Univ Abomey Calavi, Fac Sci Sante, Cotonou, Benin
[2] Ctr Natl Hosp Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Lab Microbiol, Cotonou, Benin
[3] Minist Sante, Dispensaire IST, Cotonou, Benin
[4] Univ Laval, CHU Quebec, Ctr Rech, Quebec City, PQ, Canada
[5] Univ Laval, Dept Med Sociale & Prevent, Quebec City, PQ, Canada
[6] INSPQ, Inst Natl Sante Publ, Quebec City, PQ, Canada