Trends in malignant melanoma mortality in 31 countries from 1985 to 2015

Background Malignant melanoma (MM) causes the highest absolute number of deaths among skin cancers. An up-to-date analysis of international MM mortality trends is required for assessing the burden of disease, and may support the assessment of the effectiveness of new diagnostic, therapeutic and preventative strategies. Objectives To report MM mortality trends between 1985 and 2015 using the World Health Organization (WHO) Mortality Database. Materials and methods We used country-level MM mortality data from the WHO Mortality Database for all countries with high usability death registration data. Mortality trends were described using Joinpoint regression modelling. Results Thirty-one countries met the inclusion criteria. All countries, except the Czech Republic, demonstrated increased age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) in males over the observation period. More countries exhibited decreased or stable MM mortality in females. The median mortality rate for 2013-2015 was 2 center dot 57 deaths per 100 000 for males and 1 center dot 55 per 100 000 for females. Australia and Norway had the highest ASDRs for males (5 center dot 72 per 100 000 and 4 center dot 55 per 100 000, respectively). Norway and Slovenia had the highest ASDRs for females (3 center dot 02 per 100 000 and 2 center dot 58 per 100 000, respectively). MM mortality was greater for males than females in all countries, with sex disparity increasing across the period. Disparity in mortality between older and younger cohorts in several countries was also found. Conclusions An overall increase in MM mortality over the past 30 years was observed. However, there was notable variation in mortality trends between countries, as well as between males and females, and between different age groups. What is already known about this topic? Malignant melanoma (MM) has the highest mortality among skin cancers. The majority of MM cases can be attributed to known, modifiable risk factors. The incidence of MM is reported to have increased over past decades in many regions, but recent signs of stabilization and decline in MM incidence and mortality have also been reported in some regions. What does this study add? MM mortality trends across a large number of different populations over the past 30 years were studied. An overall increase in MM mortality was observed. All countries except one demonstrated increased age-standardized death rates in males, while more countries exhibited decreased or stable MM mortality in females. MM mortality was greater in males than in females in all countries, with sex disparity increasing across the period.