The role of leukocytes in the pathogenesis of vibration-induced white finger

Vibration white finger (VWF) is an occupational disorder associated with long-term exposure to hand-transmitted vibration. The condition exhibits features of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. The etiology is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the role of leukocyte rheology in the pathogenesis of VWF. Fifty-two male subjects divided into two groups were exposed to controlled acute hand-transmitted vibration. One group consisted of 29 workers who have all had occupational exposure to handheld vibration and all suffered from VWF (mean age 46.9 years, range 22-66). The second group consisted of 23 controls. Venous blood was analyzed from the dorsum of the hand before and after vibration to determine granulocyte deformability, granulocyte morphology, and white blood cell count with differential. There was a subpopulation of hard and poorly deformable granulocytes in the VWF group when compared with controls (p < 0.05). Acute hand-transmitted vibration had no in vitro effect on leukocyte rheology in either group. Leukocyte rheology may play a role in the pathogenesis of microvascular disease and tissue ischemia in VWF, although whether this is a cause or an effect of the disorder is not clear.