Information security: From reference monitors to wrappers

Information system security has turned out to be much more challenging than at first thought. In the 1980s a great deal of energy was expended in an attempt to create a broad market of security-enhanced systems. This market, however, did not develop, and most computer systems today include only rudimentary security mechanisms. New technologies, however, such as extensible systems and security wrappers, hold promise to reintroduce security as an effective and ubiquitous system service.