Mapping the spatial distribution of forest fire danger using GIS

A geographical information system (GIS) is proposed as a suitable tool for mapping the spatial distribution of forest fire danger. Using a region severely affected by forest fires in Central Spain as the study area, topography, meteorological data, fuel models and human-caused risk were mapped and incorporated within a GIS. Three danger maps were generated: probability of ignition, fuel hazard and human risk, and all of them were overlaid in an integrated fire danger map, based upon the criteria established by the Spanish Forest Service. GIS make it possible to improve our knowledge of the geographical distribution of fire danger, which is crucial for suppression planning (particularly when hotshot crews are involved) and for elaborating regional fire defence plans.