A method for computer-aided diagnosis based on digital holographic recognition ("virtual holographic recognition" VHR) is presented. It is based on analog techniques used in military applications for target track;nn and processing of synthetic-aperture radar images. This method allows for a very precise numerical evaluation of the degree of coincidence between the image of a known element (lesion, structure) and each point of any other image, thus allowing for precise location of the searched element, even though it may belong to a different patient, be in another scale, size or orientation or be partially hidden in a diffuse, complex background. a subject of currently on-going intensive research, promising preliminary results have been obtained in location of malignant masses and nodules in mammograms, computed-tomography (CT) scans and thoracic radiographs.