Infertility-related stress: A concept analysis

Aim: To develop a clear definition of infertility-related stress using Rodgers' method of concept analysis. Background: Infertility affects approximately 13% of women in the United States. Though poorly defined in the literature, previous studies suggest infertility-related stressors contribute to psychological distress. Design: Rodgers' method of concept analysis guided the review, including sample and setting, literature search, and data analysis. Data Source: PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for relevant literature. Review Methods: Following abstract, title, and text screenings, 21 articles were included and reported using the PRISMA-S checklist. Texts were analyzed and results informed the proposed definition of infertility-related stress. Results: Antecedents included infertility, desire for children, and fear of the unknown. Attributes were identity crisis, social isolation and stigma, sexual stress, and financial strain. Consequences included treatment dropout and marital strain. Anxiety, depression, and decreased quality of life were identified as both attributes and consequences. Conclusions: Synthesized results informed a proposed definition of infertility-related stress. Improved understanding of infertility-related stress allows for measurement development and facilitates recognition of patients in need of additional support, while potentially reducing the impact on the health and well-being of infertile women.