Significance of patient self-monitoring for long-term outcomes after lung transplantation

Background: Lung transplant (LTx) recipients' adherence to regular self-monitoring of lung function (SMLF) is important in maintaining health. This study investigated patients' behavior based on electronic monitoring (EM) and compared these findings with self-reported data. Methods: This single-center study included 269 patients following LTx. Patients reported on adherence regarding SMLF, and data were compared to electronically stored measurements for the last three months prior to self-reporting. Results: Non-adherence was 59.4% based on EM for a total of 22 052 measurements performed. Main reported reasons for non-adherence were forgetfulness (22%), lack of time (19%), and good self-perception of health status (19%). Determinants for non-adherence were patients constraining beliefs (p < 0.0001), low perceived support from the transplant center (p < 0.008), a history of infections (p < 0.014) and rejections (p < 0.043), and bronchiolitis obliterans (p < 0.006). Multiple logistic regression revealed low-perceived support from the transplant center (OR 3.22; 95% CI 1.32-7.83; p < 0.01), and lack of support from patient organizations (OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.02-4.72; p < 0.04) as independent predictors for non-adherence. Conclusions: LTx recipients had some difficulties maintaining SMLF on a daily basis. Non-adherence regarding lung function monitoring may provide a clinically relevant estimate of suspect cases for critical events impacting outcomes after LTx.