Genome-Wide Analysis of Human Long Noncoding RNAs: A Provocative Review

被引:43
|
作者
Ponting, Chris P. [1 ]
Haerty, Wilfried [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Genet & Canc, MRC Human Genet Unit, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[2] Earlham Inst, Norwich, Norfolk, England
基金
英国惠康基金; 英国医学研究理事会; 英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会;
关键词
molecular mechanism; evolutionary constraint; transcriptional noise; RNA structure; knockout phenotype; subcellular localization; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; PURIFYING SELECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; ENHANCER RNAS; EVOLUTION; CHROMATIN; TRANSCRIPTION; CONSERVATION; SPECIFICITY; SEQUENCE;
D O I
10.1146/annurev-genom-112921-123710
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Do long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute little or substantively to human biology? To address how lncRNA loci and their transcripts, structures, interactions, and functions contribute to human traits and disease, we adopt a genome-wide perspective. We intend to provoke alternative interpretation of questionable evidence and thorough inquiry into unsubstantiated claims. We discuss pitfalls of lncRNA experimental and computational methods as well as opposing interpretations of their results. The majority of evidence, we argue, indicates that most lncRNA transcript models reflect transcriptional noise or provide minor regulatory roles, leaving relatively few human lncRNAs that contribute centrally to human development, physiology, or behavior. These important few tend to be spliced and better conserved but lack a simple syntax relating sequence to structure and mechanism, and so resist simple categorization. This genome-wide view should help investigators prioritize individual lncRNAs based on their likely contribution to human biology.
引用
收藏
页码:153 / 172
页数:20
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