The effect of P6 acupressure on nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy are common complaints that affect the quality of life significantly, even in mild cases. Although pharmacological treatments are available for these ailments, concerns about their effects on fetal health make healthcare providers and recipients prefer non-pharmacological therapies. Objectives: This study examines the effect of Pericardium 6 (P6) acupressure with Sea-Band on the severity and frequency of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and compares it with a placebo and a control group. Design and participants: In this randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 75 pregnant women with symptoms of mild to moderate nausea and vomiting of pregnancy with a gestational age of <20 weeks were assigned to three equal groups (n = 25). Setting: The participants were selected from five healthcare centers in Ardebil, Iran. Interventions: Pressure was applied to the P6 in the acupressure group using Sea-Band button for three days; in the placebo group, sea-band was applied without pressure on the P6; the control group did not receive any interventions, except for dietary recommendations similar to the other two groups. Main outcome measures: Nausea and vomiting frequency and severity were recorded for six days, twice a day, with the intervention starting on the fourth day. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney's U-test. Results: There was a significant reduction in the frequency, duration and severity of nausea and also in the frequency of vomiting in the acupressure and placebo groups but not in the control group after three days of the intervention. A significant difference was observed between the acupressure and placebo groups in terms of the frequency and severity of nausea but not its duration or the frequency of vomiting after the intervention. Conclusion: Acupressure on the P6 applied using a wristband for at least three days appears to be effective in the relief of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; however, this finding may be due in part to the placebo effect. Acupressure on the P6 with Sea-Band button can be used for the management of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.