Energy Storage Systems Architecture Optimization for Grid Resilience With High Penetration of Distributed Photovoltaic Generation

Renewable generation on the electric power grid is expected to increase in prevalence, but once this technology reaches a certain level of penetration, the grid will not be able to handle the variability and intermittency of the generation without the inclusion of energy storage systems. Simultaneous with this increase in renewables with energy storage, the incidence of disturbance events such as extreme weather that cause significant faults and failures on the power grid is also expected to increase. This research optimizes the architecture of energy storage systems on the electrical power grid for resilience to faults caused by extreme disturbance events under a high penetration scenario for rooftop photovoltaic generation. A grid fault model was applied to simulated generation and demand data to determine the application of storage on the grid that maximizes grid resilience to faults. Failures were simulated at multiple locations on the grid model and combinations of storage architectures were applied to determine the application strategy of energy storage that maximized the resilience of the grid.