Impact of whey protein supplementation in a weight-loss intervention in rural dwelling adults: A feasibility study

Background & aims: Weight loss in older adults enhances physical function, but may lead to sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Whey protein is a low cost rich source of essential amino acids, may improve physical function. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of consuming whey protein in the context of a weight-loss intervention in older adults with obesity. Methods: A 12-week pilot feasibility, non-randomized weight loss study of 28 older adults was con-ducted, consisting of individualized, weekly dietitian visits with twice weekly physical therapist-led group strengthening classes. Half consumed whey protein, three times weekly, following exercise. Pre-liminary efficacy measures of body composition, sit-to-stand, 6-min walk and grip strength and sub-jective measures of self-reported health and function were also evaluated. Results: Of the 37 enrolled, 28 completed the study (50 % in the protein group). Attendance rates for protein vs. non-protein groups were 89.9 +/- 11.1 % vs. 95.6 +/- 3.4 % (p = 0.08). Protein consumption was high in those attending classes (90.3 %) as was compliance at home (82.6 %). Whey was pleasant (67.3 +/- 22.1, range 30-100, above average), had little aftertaste, and was neither salty or sticky. All were compliant (0.64 +/- 0.84, range 0-5, low = higher compliance). Both groups lost significant weight (protein vs. no protein,-3.45 +/- 2.86 vs.-5.79 +/- 3.08, p = 0.47); Sit-to-stand, 6-min walk, and gait speed were no different, grip strength was improved in the protein compared to the non-protein group (-2.63 kg vs. 4.29 kg; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that whey protein is a low-cost and readily available nutritional sup-plement that can be integrated into a weight loss intervention. (C) 2021 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.