Bringing New Plant Varieties to Market: Plant Breeding and Selection Practices Advance Beneficial Characteristics while Minimizing Unintended Changes

被引：52

作者：

Glenn, Kevin C. ^{[1
]}

Alsop, Ben ^{[2
]}

Bell, Erin ^{[1
]}

Goley, Mike ^{[1
]}

Jenkinson, Jonathan ^{[1
]}

Liu, Bing ^{[1
]}

Martin, Cheryl ^{[1
]}

Parrott, Wayne ^{[3
]}

Souder, Chris ^{[1
]}

Sparks, Oscar ^{[1
]}

Urquhart, William ^{[1
]}

Ward, Jason M. ^{[4
]}

Vicini, John L. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Monsanto Co, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd, St Louis, MO 63167 USA

[2] Benson Hill Biosyst, 1100 Corp Sq Dr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA

[3] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA

[4] Royal Canin USA, 500 Fountain Lakes Blvd,Suite 100, St Charles, MO 63301 USA

来源：

CROP SCIENCE | 2017年 / 57卷 / 06期

关键词：

GENE-TRANSFER; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT; WILD RELATIVES; MAIZE HYBRIDS; T-DNAS; GENOME; DIVERSITY; SAFETY; PATTERNS; CROPS;

D O I：

10.2135/cropsci2017.03.0199

中图分类号：

S3 [农学（农艺学）];

学科分类号：

0901 ;

摘要：

Commercial-scale plant breeding is a complex process in which new crop varieties are continuously being developed to improve yield and agronomic performance over current varieties. A wide array of naturally occurring genetic changes are sources of new characteristics available to plant breeders. During conventional plant breeding, genetic material is exchanged that has the potential to beneficially or adversely affect plant characteristics. For this reason, commercial-scale breeders have implemented extensive plant selection practices to identify the top-performing candidates with the desired characteristics while minimizing the advancement of unintended changes. Selection practices in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding involve phenotypic assessments of thousands of candidate lines throughout hundreds of different environmental conditions over many years. Desirable characteristics can also be introduced through genetic modification. For genetically modified (GM) crops, molecular analysis is used to select transformed plants with a single copy of an intact DNA insert and without disruption of endogenous genes. All the while, GM crops go through the same extensive phenotypic characterization as conventionally bred crops. Data from both conventional and GM maize breeding programs are presented to show the similarities between these two processes.

引用

页码：2906 / 2921

页数：16