FROM SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANS TO SUSTAINABLE ISLAND MOBILITY PLANS - SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY POLICIES IN ISLAND CITIES

Transport planning of island cities has set, until recently, as a priority, the service of travelling by private vehicle, so their development was based on this logic. However, the consequences of the dependence on the car use are now evident at all levels: urban, transport, environmental, economic and social. The era of car dominance in island regions must come to a closure. After recognizing the problems that modern island cities have to face, due to the inability of existing infrastructures and networks to respond to the dynamics for more sustainable mobility, new models of transport and urban planning need to be adopted. Sustainable mobility is one of the most contemporary directions of the EU, in terms of organizing the transport system and addressing the main problems of island cities. Sustainable mobility practically describes a transport system that meets transport needs and, at the same time, defends environmental integrity, social equity and economic efficiency. The "Sustainable Island Mobility Plans" (SIMPs) which provide a comprehensive strategy to meet mobility needs through the principles of "integrated planning, participatory effort and evaluation", tend to this direction. The SIMP differs completely from a conventional traffic approach, as it focuses on the human factor (residents and visitors), as well as the change in attitude towards mobility, promoting alternative and friendly means of transport. This paper will present island cities policies that will provide measures and strategies for the enhancement of sustainable island mobility, namely traffic and road network management, equal mobility of vulnerable users, improvement of network service, transport infrastructure, and spatial and urban planning. Future planning should aim to reduce the negative impact of transport on the environment, as well as create efficient and affordable transport in island regions.