In vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial and Osteogenic Properties and Synthesis of Mesoporous Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite Loaded with Vancomycin as a Drug Delivery

Mesoporous hydroxyapatite/chitosan(HA/CS) composite loaded with vancomycin(VCM) was synthesized using a freeze-drying method, and characterized by SEM, XRD and FTIR. The results showed that mesoporous HA/CS presents higher surface area and porosity. The concentration of vancomycin released from mesoporous HA/CS, the efficacy of the mesoporous HA/CS against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the effect of mesoporous HA/CS on early adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast cells in vitro were measured. Antibacterial assays indicated that mesoporous HA/CS loaded with vancomycin had the effect on growth of organisms and keep the diameter of inhibition zone until it disappeared for 13 d. MTT cytotoxicity test and cell adhesion test show that the materials have good biocompatibility and make cell viability and proliferation. In vitro testing using osteoblast-like cells show that the surfaces of the cells are able to adhere, proliferate, and migrate through the pores. These cells maintained similar expression levels of osteoblastic-associated markers, namely collagen type I (COL-1), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2). It can be concluded that the mesoporous HA/CS loaded with vancomycin possesses good antibacterial capability and osteogenic properties in vitro and represents a promising candidate for bone regeneration as a drug delivery.