To SURGE or Not to SURGE, That Is the Question: Is Hydraulic SURGE Analysis Needed?

Hydraulic transients, also known as SURGE events, are an essential consideration in the design and operation of water transmission and distribution systems. A detailed SURGE analysis may not be required in all circumstances. Several considerations should be evaluated to determine the level of analysis required. We offer the following mnemonic device to assist engineers and owners to determine whether a SURGE analysis is necessary. SURGE-system configuration, utility owner's requirements, risk management, governing operations strategy, expertise with hydraulic systems. The purpose of the following sections summarizes and identifies important factors related to the need for SURGE analysis. An exhaustive list of flow rate, pressure, pipe material, and more set points and criteria that are required for a SURGE analysis is beyond the scope of this paper due to the multiple (and often interrelated) variables involved.