Improving Life Cycle of the Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Aiming at the complexity of the underwater wireless sensor network and the characteristics of high temporal correlation of the data that continuously sensed by nodes, an optimization method of underwater data prediction based on exponential smoothing (ESDP) is proposed to improve the life cycle of the whole network. In this method, LEACH protocol is used to cluster the whole nodes and elect some cluster heads. Then a routing tree is constructed between the cluster heads to communicate with the water surface sink node. Finally, the optimized exponential smoothing method is used to establish the prediction model to predict the current data. Considering the CPU and RAM limitations of underwater nodes, the model adopts the difference transmission method, which reduces the calculation of the cluster heads, the communication overhead and the size of data packet. The simulation results show that ESDP can better balance the data prediction accuracy and energy consumption, and improve the life cycle of the whole network. Therefore, ESDP method can be better applied to underwater environments.