A Review on Plug-in Electric Vehicles Charging: Standards and Impact on Distribution System

Electric vehicle penetration into the electrical networks is on upward trend across many countries. EVs are also likely to bring with them associated infrastructure for charging into the electrical distribution systems. This is likely to impact the electric distribution circuit and may even cause overloading of the vital equipment. Smart grid techniques like demand response are posed to act as counter-measures to this likely impact of electric vehicles. This paper articulates the technology linked with electric vehicles, the charging infrastructure and their impact on the performance of the grid. Electric vehicle's impact on the electrical distribution network is analyzed from both aggregated and scattered perspective. Demand response as a tool to enhance the grid capability from the perspective of electric vehicle penetration is also discussed.