In this paper, in order to evaluate X-efficiency of china's agricultural listed companies, DEA method is employed to analyze the input and output data. Further more, this paper analyzes the relative factors by using Tobit Regression Model. The analyzed object includes 33 agricultural listed companies with time interval limited in 2005 similar to 2007. This paper has several interesting findings: Firstly, Outcome reveals that the efficiency of agricultural listed companies is 42.3 % in average; Secondly, there is significant difference of efficiency among different industries; lastly, core business has a significantly positive impact on x-efficiency, while total assets have a significantly negative impact.