Recent research advances in two-dimensional magnetic materials

Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials with magnetic anisotropy can form magnetic order at finitetemperature and monolayer limit. Their macroscopic magnetism is closely related to the number of layers andstacking forms, and their magnetic exchange coupling can be regulated by a variety of external fields. Thesenovel properties endow 2D magnetic materials with rich physical connotation and potential application value,thus having attracted extensive attention. In this paper, the recent advances in the experiments and theoreticalcalculations of 2D magnets are reviewed. Firstly, the common magnetic exchange mechanisms in several 2Dmagnetic materials are introduced. Then, the geometric and electronic structures of some 2D magnets and theirmagnetic coupling mechanisms are introduced in detail according to their components. Furthermore, we discusshow to regulate the electronic structure and magnetism of 2D magnets by external (field modulation andinterfacial effect) and internal (stacking and defect) methods. Then we discuss the potential applications ofthese materials in spintronics devices and magnetic storage. Finally, the encountered difficulties and challengesof 2D magnetic materials and the possible research directions in the future are summarized and prospected