Efficient conversion of sweet sorghum stalks to biogas and ethanol using organosolv pretreatment

Improvement of bioconversion of sweet sorghum stalks to ethanol and biogas by organosolv pretreatment was investigated. The pretreatments were carried out at 100-160 degrees C in the presence or absence of sulfuric acid (as a catalyst) using ethanol (as an organic solvent) for 30 min. After evaporation of the solvent (ethanol), the pretreated solids (bagasse) and the liquid fraction (liquor) were subjected to anaerobic digestion for 50 days. The greatest biomethane yield, achieved from the mixture of liquor and bagasse, was 278 ml CH4/g VS, corresponding to 92% of theoretical yield and showing 270% improvement compared to the methane yield obtained from untreated stalks. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the untreated stalk and the obtained bagasse was conducted at 45 degrees C for 96 h using 20 FPU cellulase and 50 IU beta-glucosidase per gram of the substrate. Hydrolysis of the untreated stalk resulted in a low sugar yield (34.1% of the theoretical yield). The highest sugar yield (77% of the theoretical yield) was obtained after pretreatment with 50% ethanol and 1% sulfuric acid at 140 degrees C. Accordingly, ethanol yield from the respective organosolv pretreated material showed a two-fold improvement compared to the untreated substrate. Ethanol production from liquor ended with a maximum yield of 65.7% after pretreatment with 50% ethanol at 100 degrees C in the absence of acid. The compositional and FTIR analyses showed that organosolv pretreatment at elevated temperatures significantly reduced the lignin and xylan contents and the cellulose crystallinity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.