Education for life or life-long education?

Historically, people learned skills that lasted for their lifetime. This was much less thaneducation for lifemuch greater than. In the modern technical and scientific world, things change so rapidly that a professional must continuously learn new material. This is much less thanlife-long educationmuch greater than. Technological advances require significant changes the electrical engineering curriculum. Studies of vacuum tubes and transformers have given way to studies of control theory, VSLI chips, semiconductor technology and lasers. An electrical engineer can not expect to master all aspects of the field within four or even eight ears of study. Continuing education has become part of an engineering career.