Structure and function of FUS gene in prostate cancer

BACKGROUND: FUS reduces the proliferator factors such as cyclin D1 and Cdk6, and increases Cdk and p27. Therefore, FUS prevents the growth of prostate cancer cells. METHODS: This review tried to summarize data about FUS gene expression in correlation with the degree of prostate cancer. To find the relevant studies, the search in PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus were performed. RESULTS: Increasing the expression of FUS decreases and increases the rate of apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, respectively. In fact, FUS reduces the proliferator factors such as: cyclin D1 and Cdk6, and increases Cdk (an anti-proliferation factor) and p27 (a proliferative inhibitory factor). Therefore, FUS prevents the growth of prostate cancer cells. An immuno-histochemical analysis showed that FUS gene expression had an inverse correlation with the degree of prostate cancer, which suggests that patients with higher levels of FUS are more likely to survive and less likely to have bone pain. CONCLUSION: The key to FUS is the signaling of the androgen receptor and the progression of the cell cycle in prostate cancer. Based on these findings, we might be able to consider exogenous expression of FUS as a treatment for prostate cancer.